Which warning requirement did Miranda v. Arizona establish?

• A. Right to counsel
• B. Exclusion of unlawfully obtained evidence
• C. Miranda warnings
• D. Stop-and-frisk

Answer: (C)

Miranda warnings are the safeguard established for custodial interrogation. When a person is in custody and police question them, they must be told their rights: they have the right to remain silent and that anything they say can be used against them, and they have the right to consult with an attorney, with the provision that the state will provide an attorney if they cannot afford one. This warning is meant to prevent coerced self-incrimination and to ensure any waiver of rights is knowing and voluntary. If the warnings aren’t given, statements obtained during that custodial interrogation are generally inadmissible in court. The concept focuses specifically on informing a suspect of their rights before questioning, rather than on stop-and-frisk or on the broader exclusionary rule.